{"snapshot":"v2026.Q2","element":{"$schemaVersion":"element-v0","recordRevision":"2026-10-13","atomicNumber":50,"symbol":"Sn","name":{"en":"Tin","es":null,"fr":null,"de":null,"zh":null,"pt":null,"ja":null},"cas":null,"group":14,"period":5,"block":"p","category":"post-transition-metal","atomicMass":{"value":118.71,"unit":"u","uncertainty":null,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"pubchem-periodic-table"},"density":{"value":7.287,"unit":"g/cm^3","uncertainty":null,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"pubchem-periodic-table"},"meltingPoint":{"value":505.08,"unit":"K","uncertainty":null,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"pubchem-periodic-table"},"boilingPoint":{"value":2875,"unit":"K","uncertainty":null,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"pubchem-periodic-table"},"electronegativity":{"value":1.96,"unit":"Pauling","uncertainty":null,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"pubchem-periodic-table"},"ionizationEnergies":[{"value":708.6,"unit":"kJ/mol","uncertainty":null,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"pubchem-periodic-table"}],"electronAffinity":{"value":115.8,"unit":"kJ/mol","uncertainty":null,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"pubchem-periodic-table"},"electronConfiguration":{"shorthand":"[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2","expanded":null,"shells":null},"termSymbol":null,"oxidationStates":{"common":[4,2],"all":null},"commonCompounds":null,"reactivityNotes":null,"isotopes":[{"massNumber":99,"symbol":"99Sn","mass":{"value":98.94849135397062,"unit":"u","uncertainty":0.000623,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":24,"unit":"ms","uncertainty":4},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"9/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":100,"symbol":"100Sn","mass":{"value":99.93864695455234,"unit":"u","uncertainty":0.000258,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":1.18,"unit":"s","uncertainty":0.08},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":101,"symbol":"101Sn","mass":{"value":100.935254555189,"unit":"u","uncertainty":0.000322,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":2.22,"unit":"s","uncertainty":0.05},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"(7/2+)","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":102,"symbol":"102Sn","mass":{"value":101.93029478143629,"unit":"u","uncertainty":0.000107,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":3.8,"unit":"s","uncertainty":0.2},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":103,"symbol":"103Sn","mass":{"value":102.92797592617526,"unit":"u","uncertainty":0.000107,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":7,"unit":"s","uncertainty":0.2},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"5/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":104,"symbol":"104Sn","mass":{"value":103.92310525658304,"unit":"u","uncertainty":6.44E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":20.8,"unit":"s","uncertainty":0.5},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":105,"symbol":"105Sn","mass":{"value":104.92126842262397,"unit":"u","uncertainty":4.29E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":32.7,"unit":"s","uncertainty":0.5},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"(5/2+)","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":106,"symbol":"106Sn","mass":{"value":105.91695706950904,"unit":"u","uncertainty":5.37E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":1.92,"unit":"min","uncertainty":0.08},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":107,"symbol":"107Sn","mass":{"value":106.91571390543855,"unit":"u","uncertainty":5.37E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":2.9,"unit":"min","uncertainty":0.05},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"(5/2+)","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":108,"symbol":"108Sn","mass":{"value":107.9118942355225,"unit":"u","uncertainty":5.37E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":10.3,"unit":"min","uncertainty":0.08},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":109,"symbol":"109Sn","mass":{"value":108.9112930508252,"unit":"u","uncertainty":8.59E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":18.1,"unit":"min","uncertainty":0.2},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"5/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":110,"symbol":"110Sn","mass":{"value":109.90784482716855,"unit":"u","uncertainty":1.5E-05,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":4.154,"unit":"h","uncertainty":0.004},"decayModes":[{"mode":"ec","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":111,"symbol":"111Sn","mass":{"value":110.90774069339062,"unit":"u","uncertainty":5.37E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":35.3,"unit":"min","uncertainty":0.6},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"7/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":112,"symbol":"112Sn","mass":{"value":111.9048248939315,"unit":"u","uncertainty":3.11E-07,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":{"value":0.0097,"unit":"fraction","uncertainty":0.0001,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},"halfLife":{"stable":true},"decayModes":null,"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":113,"symbol":"113Sn","mass":{"value":112.90517588917577,"unit":"u","uncertainty":1.72E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":115.08,"unit":"d","uncertainty":0.04},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta+","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"1/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":114,"symbol":"114Sn","mass":{"value":113.90278013058298,"unit":"u","uncertainty":3.11E-08,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":{"value":0.0066,"unit":"fraction","uncertainty":0.0001,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},"halfLife":{"stable":true},"decayModes":null,"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":115,"symbol":"115Sn","mass":{"value":114.9033446956174,"unit":"u","uncertainty":1.61E-08,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":{"value":0.0034,"unit":"fraction","uncertainty":0.0001,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},"halfLife":{"stable":true},"decayModes":null,"spin":"1/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":116,"symbol":"116Sn","mass":{"value":115.90174282396183,"unit":"u","uncertainty":1.07E-07,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":{"value":0.1454,"unit":"fraction","uncertainty":0.0009,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},"halfLife":{"stable":true},"decayModes":null,"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":117,"symbol":"117Sn","mass":{"value":116.90295408230159,"unit":"u","uncertainty":5.37E-07,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":{"value":0.0768,"unit":"fraction","uncertainty":0.0007,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},"halfLife":{"stable":true},"decayModes":null,"spin":"1/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":118,"symbol":"118Sn","mass":{"value":117.90160667709877,"unit":"u","uncertainty":5.37E-07,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":{"value":0.2422,"unit":"fraction","uncertainty":0.0009,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},"halfLife":{"stable":true},"decayModes":null,"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":119,"symbol":"119Sn","mass":{"value":118.90331125042444,"unit":"u","uncertainty":7.51E-07,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":{"value":0.0859,"unit":"fraction","uncertainty":0.0004,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},"halfLife":{"stable":true},"decayModes":null,"spin":"1/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":120,"symbol":"120Sn","mass":{"value":119.90220260142998,"unit":"u","uncertainty":9.66E-07,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":{"value":0.3258,"unit":"fraction","uncertainty":0.0009,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},"halfLife":{"stable":true},"decayModes":null,"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":121,"symbol":"121Sn","mass":{"value":120.90424351612289,"unit":"u","uncertainty":1.07E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":27.03,"unit":"h","uncertainty":0.04},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"3/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":122,"symbol":"122Sn","mass":{"value":121.90344544343723,"unit":"u","uncertainty":2.58E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":{"value":0.0463,"unit":"fraction","uncertainty":0.0003,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},"halfLife":{"stable":true},"decayModes":null,"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":123,"symbol":"123Sn","mass":{"value":122.90572704671789,"unit":"u","uncertainty":2.68E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":129.2,"unit":"d","uncertainty":0.4},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"11/2-","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":124,"symbol":"124Sn","mass":{"value":123.90527959353605,"unit":"u","uncertainty":1.4E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":{"value":0.0579,"unit":"fraction","uncertainty":0.0005,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},"halfLife":{"stable":true},"decayModes":null,"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":125,"symbol":"125Sn","mass":{"value":124.90778932493845,"unit":"u","uncertainty":1.4E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":9.634,"unit":"d","uncertainty":0.015},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"11/2-","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":126,"symbol":"126Sn","mass":{"value":125.90765910403884,"unit":"u","uncertainty":1.18E-05,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":230000,"unit":"y","uncertainty":14000},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":127,"symbol":"127Sn","mass":{"value":126.91039127377924,"unit":"u","uncertainty":9.66E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":2.1,"unit":"h","uncertainty":0.04},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"11/2-","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":128,"symbol":"128Sn","mass":{"value":127.9105082900864,"unit":"u","uncertainty":1.93E-05,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":59.07,"unit":"min","uncertainty":0.14},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":129,"symbol":"129Sn","mass":{"value":128.91348200724983,"unit":"u","uncertainty":1.83E-05,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":2.23,"unit":"min","uncertainty":0.04},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"3/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":130,"symbol":"130Sn","mass":{"value":129.91397454928398,"unit":"u","uncertainty":2.04E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":3.72,"unit":"min","uncertainty":0.07},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":131,"symbol":"131Sn","mass":{"value":130.91705261493416,"unit":"u","uncertainty":4.29E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":56,"unit":"s","uncertainty":0.5},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"3/2+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":132,"symbol":"132Sn","mass":{"value":131.91782384901725,"unit":"u","uncertainty":2.15E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":39.7,"unit":"s","uncertainty":0.8},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":133,"symbol":"133Sn","mass":{"value":132.9239137426465,"unit":"u","uncertainty":2.04E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":1.37,"unit":"s","uncertainty":0.07},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"7/2-","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":134,"symbol":"134Sn","mass":{"value":133.92868017110638,"unit":"u","uncertainty":3.22E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":0.93,"unit":"s","uncertainty":0.08},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":135,"symbol":"135Sn","mass":{"value":134.93490887398806,"unit":"u","uncertainty":3.22E-06,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":515,"unit":"ms","uncertainty":5},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"7/2-","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":136,"symbol":"136Sn","mass":{"value":135.9396990277726,"unit":"u","uncertainty":0.000215,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":355,"unit":"ms","uncertainty":18},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":137,"symbol":"137Sn","mass":{"value":136.94616176326858,"unit":"u","uncertainty":0.000322,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":249,"unit":"ms","uncertainty":15},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"5/2-","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":138,"symbol":"138Sn","mass":{"value":137.95114300790337,"unit":"u","uncertainty":0.000429,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":148,"unit":"ms","uncertainty":9},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":139,"symbol":"139Sn","mass":{"value":138.95779898133776,"unit":"u","uncertainty":0.000429,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":120,"unit":"ms","uncertainty":38},"decayModes":[{"mode":"beta-","branchingRatio":1,"product":null}],"spin":"5/2-","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"},{"massNumber":140,"symbol":"140Sn","mass":{"value":139.96297346391094,"unit":"u","uncertainty":0.000322,"conditions":null,"sourceRef":"ame-2020"},"abundance":null,"halfLife":{"value":50,"unit":"ms"},"decayModes":null,"spin":"0+","sourceRef":"nubase-2020"}],"spectroscopy":null,"discovery":{"discoverer":null,"year":"Ancient","location":null,"etymology":"[Pending editorial review]","namedAfter":null},"edu":{"oneLine":{"en":"[Pending editorial review]","es":null,"fr":null,"de":null,"zh":null,"pt":null,"ja":null},"paragraph":null,"misconceptions":[{"belief":"[Pending editorial review]","reality":"[Pending editorial review]","sourceRef":null}],"demos":null,"ngssTags":[],"apTags":null,"relatedElements":null},"sources":[{"id":"pubchem-periodic-table","name":"PubChem Periodic Table","url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/periodic-table/","edition":null,"publisher":"National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine","publishedYear":null,"accessedDate":"2026-05-04","type":"secondary"},{"id":"ame-2020","name":"Atomic Mass Evaluation 2020 (AME2020)","url":"https://www-nds.iaea.org/amdc/ame2020/mass_1.mas20.txt","edition":null,"publisher":"AMDC / Chinese Physics C","publishedYear":2021,"accessedDate":"2026-10-13","type":"primary"},{"id":"nubase-2020","name":"NUBASE 2020 evaluation of nuclear properties","url":"https://www-nds.iaea.org/amdc/ame2020/nubase_1.mas20.txt","edition":null,"publisher":"AMDC / Chinese Physics C","publishedYear":2021,"accessedDate":"2026-10-13","type":"primary"}],"editorialState":"ingested"}}